Balloon Angioplasty And Stent Procedure

Balloon angioplasty and stenting are minimally invasive treatments used to improve blood flow through narrowed or blocked arteries. The procedure can be performed in coronary arteries and, depending on the condition, other blood vessels. A small balloon is used to widen the narrowed area, while a stent may be placed to help keep the artery open. The goal is to restore or improve blood flow to the heart or other tissues.

How Does It Work?

A catheter is guided through a blood vessel to the area of narrowing. A small balloon at the catheter tip is positioned across the narrowed section. The balloon is inflated to widen the artery and improve the passageway for blood. A stent may then be expanded inside the artery to provide ongoing structural support. The balloon and catheter are removed while the stent remains in place when indicated.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is angioplasty?

Angioplasty is a catheter-based treatment used to widen a narrowed or blocked artery. A small balloon is positioned at the site of the narrowing. Inflating the balloon helps improve the opening through which blood can flow. It may be performed alone or together with stent placement.

What is a stent?

A stent is a small mesh tube designed to support the inside of an artery. It helps maintain the opening created during angioplasty. Once positioned, the stent remains inside the artery. Your physician will determine whether a stent is appropriate based on the blockage.

Why might I need angioplasty and a stent?

The procedure may be recommended when an artery is significantly narrowed or blocked and blood flow needs to be improved. In coronary arteries, reduced blood flow can contribute to symptoms such as chest discomfort. The decision depends on your symptoms, testing, and the characteristics of the blockage. Your physician will discuss the most appropriate treatment options.

Is angioplasty the same as bypass surgery?

No. Angioplasty is performed through a catheter and does not require creating a new bypass route around the blockage. Bypass surgery uses a blood vessel to create an alternative route around a blocked coronary artery. Both treatments have specific indications. Your cardiology team will recommend the approach that best fits your condition.

Will I need medication after a stent?

Many patients are prescribed medications after coronary stent placement to reduce the risk of blood clots forming inside the stent. The exact medications and duration depend on the type of stent and your medical condition. It is important not to stop prescribed medications without speaking with your physician. Your care team will explain your medication plan before discharge.